优生与差生成败归因、成就动机差异研究

A Comparison on the Attribution of Success or Failure,Achievement Motivation between High-achieved and Low-achieved Students.

目的探讨优、差生的成败归因和成就动机差异。方法采用归因和动机量表对初中优、差生进行调查。结果①成功情境,优、差生能力(F=4.64,P<0.05)和教学质量(F=12.37,P<0.01)归因城乡差异显著;②失败情境,优、差生教学质量归因城乡差异显著(F=10.87,P<0.01);③优、差生避免失败动机城乡差异显著(F=8.29,P<0.01)。结论优、差生成败归因与成就动机差异显著。

Objective To examine differences of attribution and motivation between the high-achieved and the low-achieved. Methods The subjects were administrated with the Attribution Scale and the Achievement Motivation Scale. Results （1）When successed, significant interactions were found under ability （F= 4.64, P〈 0.05） and teaching （F = 12.37, P〈 0.01 ） attribution. （2）When failed, significant interaction was found under teaching（F= 10.87, P〈0.01）attribution. （3）Significant interactions were found under avoiding-failure motivation （F= 8. 29, P〈0.01）. Conclusion There were obviously differences of attribution and achievement motivation between the high-achieved and the low-achieved.