从七桥问题看图论的本原思想与文化内涵

Original Ideas and Cultural Connotations of Graph Theory in Terms of the Seven-bridge Problem

深入分析一门学科的本原思想与文化内涵对于该学科的初始学习具有重要意义．图论是研究关联关系的一门科学，其本原问题是七桥问题，解决七桥问题的核心思想是图论的本原思想，主要包括特征抽象与拓扑思考、预测结果与探究成因．图论在游戏中诞生并在游戏中发展，它蕴涵着数学研究中的7种精神、3层思想和3类方法，是值得纳入中学数学课程的学科领域．

In-depth analysis of original ideas and cultural connotations of a subject was of great significance for initial learning of the subject. Graph theory was a branch of science based on relationship between vertices, its original problem was the seven-bridge problem, the core ideas of solving the seven-bridge problem were original ideas of graph theory, included abstracting by the essential features and thinking in the way of topology, predicting results and exploring causes. Both origination and development of graph theory were from games, graph theory contains seven kinds of mathematical spirits and three levels of thinking, three processes of research in mathematics, graph theory was a subject field of worth coming within the secondary school curriculum of mathematics.