铅作业工人神经行为功能的因子分析

Analysis on neurobehavioral function of lead-exposed workers by factor analysis

目的应用世界卫生组织神经行为核心测试组合(WHO/NCTB),研究铅改变工人神经行为功能的特异因子,并探讨其影响因素。方法对某蓄电池厂135名铅作业工人及当地某机械厂143名非铅接触者进行WHO/NCTB的测试。结果利用因子分析发现接触组和对照组在消极情感因子、积极情感因子及记忆因子、注意力因子间差异有统计学意义。各因子得分分别与血铅进行直线相关分析,结果显示消极情感因子、积极情感因子及记忆因子均与血铅有显著相关。应用多元逐步回归分析进一步发现消极情感因子的主要影响因素是血铅,积极情感因子的主要影响因素是受教育程度和血铅,影响记忆力的主要因素是年龄、血铅、接铅时间。结论铅接触对神经行为的影响主要反应在情感状态、记忆力以及注意力方面,且铅对神经行为功能的损伤程度与血铅、工龄有关。

Objective To explore the specific factors in neurobehavioral function that affected by lead toxicity and their impact complications. Methods Neurobehavioral core test battery （NCTB） recommended by WHO was used in 135 lead-exposed workers selected from a storage battery plant and 143 healthy control workers from a mechanical factory. Results It was shown that the negative emotion factor, memory factor and attention factor were decreased in lead-exposed group compared with those of control group, while the positive factor was increased, and there was a significant relationship between blood lead level and the scores of negative emotion factor, positive factor, memory factor by linear regression analysis. Multiple regression analysis further indicated that age, lead-exposed duration, education degree and blood lead were the main agents affected neurobehavioral function. Conclusions The results suggested that the main effects of occupational lead exposure were the mood state, memory and attention, and there was a positive relationship between impaired degree of neurobehavioral function and blood lead level or lead-exposed duration.