基于经济增长的最优所有制结构安排——中国所有制结构与经济增长关系的实证研究

Optimal Arrangement of Ownership Structure Based on Economic Growth——Empirical Study on the Relationship Between China's Ownership Structure and Economic Growth

1978年以来所有制结构的变化和非国有经济的发展推动了我国经济的高速发展，经济学界由此断定非国有经济具有比国有经济更高的效率。但国有经济是国家调控经济的重要工具，是经济增长的稳定器，因此，经济中存在着国有经济规模的最优值。1978～2006年的经验数据表明我国当前的最优国有企业规模占25．05％。国有经济从1978年的77．63％下降到2006年的31．24％，表明我国1978年以来经济转型过程实际上就是国有企业规模不断下降和所有制结构不断优化并接近最优值的过程，由此促进了经济的强劲增长。为进一步促进经济增长，必须优化经济发展环境，创造国有经济与非国有经济平等竞争的市场条件，减少对非国有经济的行政管制，发挥市场配置资源的基础性作用，以促进非国有经济的进一步发展。

The changes of ownership structure and development of non-state-owned economy since 1978 has pro, moted China＇s economy develop rapidly, so the economic scholars conclude that non- state-owned economy has higher efficiency than the state - owned economy. But state-owned economy is an important economic tool of state to regulate and control national economy, and it is a stabilizer of economic growth. Therefore there is a optimal size of state- owned economy in the economy. The experience data of 1978 - 2006 show that China＇s current optimal size of the state-owned enterprises is 25.05 percent. The state-owned economy from 77.63 percent in 1978 drop to 31.24 percent in 2006, indicates that China＇s process of economic transaction since 1978 is actually a process of declining scale of state-owned enterprises and optimizing ownership structure to close the optimal size, thus lstrongly promoted economic growth. To further promote economic growth, we must optimize the economic development environment, create equal competition in market conditions between state-owned economy and non-state economy, reduce administrative control to non-state-owned economy, and let market play basic role in resource allocation, thus further promote the development of non-state-owned economy.