列车空调卧铺包厢不同送风方式热舒适模拟研究

Study on Air Supply Modes in Sleeping-berth Compartments of Railway Cars

采用k-ε湍流模型,对不同尺寸的散流器风口、条缝风口送风方式下全封闭和不封闭4人卧铺包厢的三维空气流场和温度场进行了数值计算,利用PMV(Predicted Mean Vote)和空气龄(age of air)指标分析优化各通风方式下车厢内上、下铺位人体的热舒适性,讨论不同工况下各送风方式的空调效果。根据数值模拟结果,包厢封闭时,按照厢内人体区的气流组织效果,条缝风口送风优于散流器送风方式;包厢不封闭时,各种送风方式均引起冷热不均现象,条缝风口送风引起上、下铺人体头部、手臂外侧区温度偏低,散流器送风人体内侧区温度偏高。

Based on the k-ε turbulence model, three and open 4-men sleeping-berth compartments of rai ying with different sizes of air diffusers and slotted dimension airflow fields and temperature fields in enclosed lway cars are calculated numerically in the case of air suppl- outlets. The thermal comfort of human bodies in the upper and lower berths under different air supply modes are analyzed by PMV and Age of Air indices and air condi- tioning effects of different air supply modes in enclosed and open compartments are discussed accordingly. Ac- cording to the CFD results, in an enclosed sleeping-berth compartment, the slotted outlet air supply mode is better than the air diffuser mode; in an open sleeping-berth compartment, both the air supply modes result in thermal imbalance phenomena, i. e. , the slotted outlet air supply mode leads to a lower temperature on the outer side of both upper and lower berths, and the air diffuser mode leads to a higher temperature on the inner side of both the upper and lower berths.