大鼠视网膜下注射Matrigel诱导视网膜色素上皮易位和脉络膜新生血管形成

Translocation of the retinal pigment epithelium and choroidal neovascularization induced by injecting Matrigel to subretinal space of rats

目的制备视网膜色素上皮（RPE）下沉积物形成动物模型，并探讨其诱导视网膜色素上皮易位和脉络膜新生血管（CNV）形成的病理过程以及年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）的发病机制。方法将Matrigel基质胶注射于大鼠视网膜下形成视网膜下沉积物，观察视网膜色素上皮的迁移和脉络膜新生血管的彤成。结果Matrigel形成视网膜下沉积物后诱导RPE易位，而沉积物换位成为视网膜色素上皮层下沉积物。REP细胞的动员需要光感受器细胞的参与。缺乏色素上皮细胞贴附的Bruch膜易受脉络膜新生血管的侵袭。结论建立了一个新的视网膜色素上皮层下沉积物形成的AMD动物模型。视网膜色素上皮层下沉积物足以导致CNV穿透Bruch膜，可能导致湿性AMD发生。

Objective To establish an animal model of sub-retinal pigment epithelium （sub-RPE） deposits,and to explore the pathological process of the translocation of retinal pigment epithelium, choroidal neovascularization and the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration（AMD）. Methods Matrigel was injected to the subretinal space of rats to create an amorphous deposit. Translocation of retinal pigment epithelium and choroidal neovaseularization were observed. Results The subretinal deposit of Matrigel induced RPE translocation and therefore it became a sub-RPE deposit. The RPE mobilization required the presence of photoreceptors. Bruch＇s membrane devoid of RPE attachment became vulnerable to the invasion of new blood vessels from the choroid. Conclusions A novel model of sub-RPE deposit formation is established successfully. The presence of sub-RPE deposit is sufficient to induce choroidal neovascularization to penetrate Bruch＇s membrane and may cause the exudative form of AMD.