流式细胞术在母婴血型不合新生儿溶血病检测中的应用

The Application of Flow Cytometer in Laboratory Diagnosis of Hemolytic Disease of Newborn

目的建立流式细胞仪检测母婴血型不合新生儿溶血病(HDN)的方法。方法对临床送检的115例拟诊新生儿溶血病标本以流式细胞仪进行直接抗人-IgG试验、血清游离抗体检测及红细胞放散液抗体检测3项试验,选择FITC标记的单克隆二抗作为与红细胞特异性抗体结合的抗体。同时以试管抗球蛋白法进行3项试验作为对照,比较两方法的差异。结果建立了以流式细胞仪检测新生儿溶血病的实验方法:细胞采集比例为54.5%;阴性阈值2%;流式法对ABO HDN和Rh HDN的检测阳性率分别为86%和100%。试管法检测阳性率分别为50%和100%。结论流式法具有敏感性高,特异性强,结果易判定,客观、标准等优点,为新生儿溶血病检测提供了一种可靠的诊断依据。

Objective To develop a novel flow cytometric method （FCM） for the determination of newborn hemolysis due to the mismatching of mother and newborn blood group. Method FITC labeled anti-antibody specific for the red blood cell was used in this study. Analysis was performed using the Epics XL flow cytometer. The major detection assays used in this study were the direct anti-globin test detection of serum free antibody and the identification of elution antibody. Traditional tube method was also performed for comparison. Result A stable flow cytomertic method were established. 115 samples of suspected cases of hemolytic disease of newborn were detected with a cell collection ratio of 54.5%, and the negative threshold of 2%. The positive identification rate of ABO and Rh was 86% and 100%, respectively. In contrast, the positive identification rate by tube method for the ABO and Rh was 50% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion The developed flow cytometri method is simple, specific and sensitive. It may be used for diagnosis of hemolytic disease of newborn.