东莞市常平镇2005-2007年麻疹疫情分析及防制对策探讨

Analysis on Epidemiological Characteristics of Measles from 2005 to 2007 in Changping Town of Dongguan City and Its Prevention and Control Strategies

目的了解东莞市常平镇麻疹流行规律,预测流行趋势,制定防制对策,降低发病率,保护易感人群。方法收集2005-2007年东莞市常平镇的麻疹发病资料进行统计分析。结果2005-2007年东莞市常平镇共报告麻疹病例369例,年均报告发病率为29.46/10万,年均发病率外来暂住人口显著高于本地人口(χ2=10.354,P﹤0.01);麻疹发病有明显的周期性,3～8月份发病例数占全年总数的87.2%,流行模式为散发和爆发并存,以散发为主;发病年龄向低年龄组(﹤8个月)和高年龄组(﹥14岁)转移;2005年以来麻疹疫苗基础免疫年平均接种率为90.2%,本地儿童高于外来流动儿童。结论外来暂住人口中的散居儿童和工厂员工是东莞市常平镇麻疹发病的主要对象,外来暂住人口数影响当地麻疹发病率。建议采取以加强外来流动儿童麻疹常规免疫和外来青工麻疹免疫为主的综合防制措施。

Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Chang-ping Town and forecast its epidemic trend, establish strategy of prevention and control, and reduce its morbidity. Method Statistical analysis was conducted on the data of measles recorded from 2005 to 2007 in Chang.ping Town. Result The number of reported measles cases was 369 from 2005 to 2007, with the annual reporting incidence of 26.46/100000. The incidence rate of the migrants was higher than that of local population. There was an obvious seasonal outbreak between March and August, with 87.2% of total cases. There were both sporadic epidemic and dramatic outbreaks of the disease, with the former being dominant. The age distribution of measles showed a trend towards the age group below 8 month and above 14 years old. Since 2005, the vaccination rate of local children was higher than that of children of the floating population, with an average vaccination rate of 90.2%. Conclusion Measles occurred mainly among the children and young worker of migrants living scattered. Vaccination of this group of people will be a good control measure for the disase.