江苏省农村居民结核病防治知信行现状及影响因素分析

Status and influencing factors of KAP about tuberculosis prevention and treatment among rural residents in Jiangsu Province

目的了解江苏省农村居民结核病防治相关知识态度行为情况,为确定农村居民结核病健康促进工作的重点提供依据。方法采用多级整群抽样调查,随机抽取江苏省金湖县、姜堰市、扬中市14～65岁农村居民3170人。使用统一的调查问卷对调查者的一般情况、肺结核防治相关知识、态度、行为等进行调查。结果农村居民的肺结核防治知识知晓率低,只有0.4%的人知晓结核病的症状,2.6%知道“使用肺结核病人用过的东西不会感染肺结核”,3.9%的人知晓肺结核早治疗的好处,但90.9%居民知晓肺结核是一种传染病。态度上,80%以上的人都认为肺结核病较为严重但可以治愈,但大部分居民选择“躲避”和“疏远”态度对待患有肺结核病的邻居或同事,只有21.1%的人愿意与肺结核病人交往。男性、高中以上文化、20岁～和30岁～年龄组居民结核病防治知识掌握较好（P〈0.05）。结论江苏农村居民的肺结核防治知识知晓率较低,农村居民结核病健康促进的重点是根据年龄、文化程度的不同,采取针对性较强的健康教育方法。

Objective To study the status and influencing factors of knowledge, attitude and practice about tuberculosis （TB） prevention and treatment among rural residents in Jiangsu Province, and to determinate the emphasis of TB health promotion. Methods 3170 rural residents aged from 14 - 65 years old were selected from Jinhu County, Jiangyan City and Yangzhong City of Jiangsu Province by multi-level cluster sampling. Questionnaires were conducted with the content of TB prevention knowledge, attitude and practice. Results The awarness rate of TB knowledge of the rsidents was low. Only 0. 4% of residents knew TB symptom. 2. 6 percent of residents know that it was not infected to use something used by patients with TB. 3.9% understood the advantage of early treatment to TB. 90. 9% were conscious of that TB was an infections disease. More than 80 percent of the residents thought that TB was serious and could be cured. While most of them chose avoiding and alienating attitude to their neighbors or colleagues who had TB. The residents who were male, aged twenties or thirties, whose education level were above high school mastered TB prevention knowledge better （P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion The awareness rate of TB prevention and treatment knowledge was low in rural residents in Jiangsu Province. It is necessary to conduct health promotion measures among rural residents according to their characteristic of gender, age and education level.