蓝藻化感抑制作用研究进展

Advance in researches on cyanobacterium allelopathic inhibition

在蓝藻水华的众多危害中,对其他生物的化感抑制效应是一个重要的方面,相关研究也越来越受到生态学及环境科学领域研究者的广泛关注。系统阐述了蓝藻化感抑制作用的现象、机理及条件,总结和归纳了具有化感抑制效应的蓝藻种类、化感物质及其作用对象,讨论了蓝藻化感抑制作用的生理生态机制、影响因素、研究方法及应用前景。在此基础上提出了该领域尚未解决的问题及今后的研究方向。

Allelopathic inhibition of cyanobacteria to other organisms is increasingly important among the multiple harmfulness of cyanobacterial bloom, and much attention has been drawn in ecology and environmental sciences in recent years. Many researches showed that the a11elopathic inhibition has a wide variety of target organisms, including cyanobacterium and other algae, aquatic microorganisms, higher plants and animals. Over the past decades, the structure of pure allelopathic chemicals has been determined as phenol, alkaloid, peptide and terpenoid. The allelopathic inhibition of cyanobacterium to algae and aquatic microorganisms was mainly caused by inhibiting the photosynthesis. In some cases, inhibitory effects on the growth were tested in the presence of a proteinase. Temperature, nutrition condition, competition and genetic factor could also effect the allelopathic inhibition of cyanobacterium. By inhibiting the photosynthesis, cyanobacterium might be regarded as a nature herbicide. Although the previous studies about a11elopathic inhibition of cyanobacterium well documented on the biochemical behavior of allelochemical and inducement of target organism to a11elochemical, the release of allelochemical from cell and the immune mechanism of cyanobacteria to harmful allelochemical remained unclear and should be further emphasized. Several studies of the phenomenon, mechanism and condition of the allelopathic inhibition of cyanobacterium were also proposed in this paper.