梯级水电站开发对香溪河悬浮颗粒物粒径及浓度的影响

Impact of cascade hydropower stations on suspended particulate matter in Xiangxi River

通过对香溪河悬浮颗粒物粒度及浓度的实验分析,研究梯级水电站开发对河流悬浮颗粒物的影响,结果表明:(1)香溪河干流悬浮颗粒物粒径由上游到中游逐渐减小,并且在无水电站干扰时颗粒物粒径减小幅度较大;(2)从进水口至出水口河段,水电站悬浮颗粒物粒径总体变化不显著;(3)水电站从进水口河段至出水口河段,总悬浮颗粒物浓度(CTPM)在某些位置有所增加,有机颗粒物浓度(CPOM)无明显变化。悬浮颗粒物粒度及浓度的变化与水流流速及流量有着相当大关系。

Based on the experimental data of size and concentration of suspended particle on Xiangxi River, the characters of size and concentration of suspended particle changed by the cascade hydropower stations were studied. The results showed that the size of suspended particulate matter （SPM） decreased from upstream to middle reaches, and changed from medium-large particulate matter to fine particulate matter. Without disturbance of hydropower stations, the decrease extent of size was more significant. No obvious differences were observed among the sizes of SPM at different sites from inlet to outlet of 26 typical cascade hydropower stations in the whole watershed. The concentration of total particulate matter increased at some special sites because of the disturbance of hydropower stations. It was showed that there was on obvious influence of hydropower stations on the concentration of particulate organic matter. The size and concentration of suspended particle diversification were related to flow velocity and water flow.