慢性阻塞性肺疾病的细胞与分子机制研究进展

Advances in cellular and molecular mechanisms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

慢性阻塞性肺疾病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease，COPD）以不完全可逆的气流受限为特征，它在世界范围内的高发病率和病死率是导致巨大经济和社会负担的主要原因。COPD肺部慢性炎症由炎症细胞及其分泌的细胞因子和趋化因子等相互作用而发生发展的，并可触发先天性和获得性免疫反应，进一步加重炎症反应。本文就炎症细胞及细胞因子在COPD形成机制中的作用，以及先天性和获得性免疫机制在COPD肺部炎症的作用作一综述，以期提高对本病发病机制的认识。

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD） is characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. It is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and results in an economic and social burden. Chronic lung inflammation of COPD is triggered and sustained by the interactions among inflammatory cells and inflammatory mediators secreted from those inflammatory cells. Inflammation can trigger both innate and adaptive immunity. This article reviews not only the effects of inflammatory cells, cytokines and chemokines in the pathogenesis of COPD but also the innate and adaptive immunity in the lung inflammation of COPD in order to improve the recognition of this disease.