战士近视矫正术后眼部疾病调查

Oculopathy Follow-up among Soldiers after Myoporthosis Operation

目的通过对近视矫正手术后的野战部队战士眼部疾病的调查及随访,探讨近视矫正手术对战士长期训练所造成的影响。方法以宁夏及北京部分地区野战部队行近视矫正手术658名新兵为研究对象,进行眼部详细检查,得出眼部疾病谱及危险因素,并随访2年。结果有74人(11.25%)发现眼部疾病,不符合军人体检标准,主要包括视力不合格、角膜疾病、眼底疾病、高眼压等;有273人(41.49%)眼部有潜在疾病隐患,主要包括干眼症、眩光、周边视网膜格子样变性及蜗牛迹变性等。两年后随访复检中发现干眼症、角膜炎、眩光以及高眼压等疾患明显减少(P<0.05);角膜混浊数量稍有减少,而其他疾患均有所升高,但无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论近视矫正术只能提高视敏度,不能达到很好的视觉质量,手术后眼球比较脆弱,有较多的潜在疾患,部队训练容易诱发,给部队增添很多负担,从而影响部队的战斗力。

Objective To investigate the influence of myoporthosis operation on soldiers＇ long term military drill by surveying and following up their postoperative oculopathy.Methods A total of 658 recruits from the field troops of Ningxia and parts of Beijing area were tested detailedly by ophthalmological examination, from which the oculopathy spectrum and potential risk factors were obtained. All the subjects were followed up for two years. Results There were 74 （11.25%） soldiers who suffered from oculopathy and were unqualified to the military health standards. The main diseases included unqualified sight, corneal disease, eyeground disorders and ocular hypertension. There were 273 （41.49%） soldiers who had potential dangers of ocular region including xerophthalmia, occaecatio, lattice degeneration of retina and snail track degeneration, et al. The incidence of xerophthalmia, keratitis, occaecatio and ocular hypertension decreased obviously in the re-examination after 2-year-follow-up, and the outcomes were statistically significant （P〈0.05）. The incidence of cloudiness of cornea decreased slightly and other affections rose, but no statistical significance was found （P〉0.05）. Conclusion The myoporthosis operation can only elevate the visual acuity, but it can not achieve the better visual quality. The postoperative eyeballs are fragile and easy to suffer from more potential affections during military training. The oculopathy might bring about heavy burden to the troops and influence the ability of fight.