幻灭:奋斗者的精神悲剧——试析《幻灭》与《马丁·伊登》中“幻灭”的内涵及其根源

Disillusionment: Striver's Tragedy of the Spirit:Analyzing the Connotation and Origin of "Disillusionment" in Disillusionment and Martin Eden

19世纪资本主义发展进入全盛期,为青年人提供了展示自己才华和力量的舞台,然而他们无法适应处在转型期的社会的价值准则,甚至导致了精神上的幻灭和肉体的毁灭。这种当时普遍流行的绝望感,一方面根源于作者本身对人生产生的绝望情绪,体现小资产阶级作家挺进主流价值核心的强烈的不适应感;另一方面,也是对占据统治地位的宗教神学、理性主义的抗拒。而这种对资产阶级病态的深刻否定和批判,正是新的追求的出发点。

Movement in the 19th century, the climax of the bourgeoisie, provides young people with a stage of displaying their talent and strength, but the young were unable to adapt to the transition in the value of social norms, and even led to a spirit of disillusionment and physical destruction. This was the prevailing sense of despair, on the one hand it is rooted in the authors themselves who have a desperate emotional llfe, and reflects that the writer of the petty bourgeoisie can not adapt to the core of the mainstream values; on the other hand, it is the resistance to the dominant religious theology and rationalism. The negation and criticism of bourgeoisie are the new staring point for pursuit.