文县疣螈繁殖初探

Reproductive Behavior of Tylototriton wenxianensis

2006年4~9月、2007年4~9月,在四川青川初步观察了文县疣螈（Tylototriton wenxianensis）的繁殖习性,并研究了其主要特点,包括繁殖期雌雄差异、繁殖迁徙、交配与产卵、幼体发育等,同时在甘肃文县观察了其幼体的生长发育过程。结果表明,文县疣螈的繁殖期一般为4月上旬至9月上旬,繁殖期成体性比不断变化。该螈具有繁殖迁徙现象,迁徙及求偶行为由雄性占主动。求偶、交配及产卵均在水塘周围岸边的陆地上进行,产卵集中在5月初至7月末,雌螈平均产卵数为42.8枚（n=6）,卵的平均孵化期为26.8 d（n=119）,卵群的平均孵化率为46.3%（n=6）。随着气温的升高、相对湿度和降水量的增加,雌螈产卵量和孵化率升高,卵的平均孵化期缩短。

The breeding behaviors of Wenxian Knobby Newt （ Tylototriton wenxianensis ） were observed in Qingchuan of Sichuan Province and Wenxian of Gansu Province, during April to September 2006 and April to September 2007. The breeding features were primarily studied including sexual differences during the breeding season, breeding migration, mating and spawning, and development of embryos. It shows that the breeding period lasted from early April to early September and the sex ratio kept changing during the period. Breeding behaviors began with the migration and males kept active during the whole course. Courtship, mating and spawning all happened overland around the pools. Females spawned mainly during early May to late July. A female laid 42.8 eggs on average （ n = 6） and hatching period averaged 26.8 d （ n = 119） with mean hatchability of 46.3% （ n = 6）. With air temperature rising, relative humidity and rainfall increasing, laid eggs and mean hatching rate increased, while mean hatching period shortened.