1Carolyn M Jones, “Southern Landscape as Psychic Landscape in Toni Morrison's Fiction,” in Studies in the Literary Imagination , Vol. 31, No. 2 ( Fall 1998), pp. 37-48.
2Puri Usha, “Toni Morrison: Redefining Feminine Space in Beloved ,” in Indian Journal of American Studies, Vol. 23, No. 2 (Summer 1993), pp. 27-34.
3Liliane Weissberg, “Gothic Spaces: the Political Aesthetics of Toni Morrison's Beloved ,” in Victor Sage and Allan Lloyd Smith eds. , Modern Gothic: A Reader, New York: Manchester University Press, 1996, pp. 104-120.
5Ceri Watkins, “Representations of Space, Spa-tial Practices and Spaces of Representation: An Application of Lefebvre's Spatial Triad, ”in Culture and Organization , Vol. 11, No. 3 (September 2005), p.211, p. 212.
6Heri Lefebvre, The Production of Space , trans. Donald Nicholson - Smith, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Basil Blackwell, 1991, p. 33.
7Elizabeth T. Hayes, “The Named and the Nameless: Morriosn's 124 and Nay lor's 'the Other Place' as Semiotic Chorae,” in African American Review , Vol. 38, No. 4, p. 669, p. 675.
8Liliane Weissberg, “Gothic Spaces: The Political Aesthetics of Toni Morrison's Beloved ,” in Victor Sage and Allan Lloyd Smith eds., Modern Gothic: A Reader , pp. 104-120, p. 116.
9托尼·莫里森.《宠儿》,潘岳,雷格译,北京:中国文学出版社,1996年,第262页.
10Frantz Fanon, Black Skin, White Mask , trans. Charles Lam Markmann, New York: Grove Press, 1967, p. 114.
