壳聚糖与Ⅰ型胶原复合制作新型人工神经支架材料及其性能研究

Fabrication and properties of chitosan combined with type Ⅰ collagen protein for peripheral nerve scaffolds

目的探讨以壳聚糖复合Ⅰ型胶原蛋白结合冷冻干燥技术制备新型人工神经支架材料。方法将壳聚糖与Ⅰ型胶原蛋白分别溶于0．05mol／L的醋酸溶液中，利用冷冻干燥技术制备新型人工神经支架材料，并以紫外线照射的方法使其交联。经扫描电镜观察内部结构的排列规律及走行，比较其与周围神经的异同，测量其孔径大小、计算孔隙率等指标。观察在0．01mol／L磷酸盐缓冲液中30d体外降解率。并对材料进行力学及细胞毒性实验。结果构建的材料为均匀圆柱状，内部为孔径均匀且平行排列的微观结构，其微孔直径为60～130μm，孔隙率为83．30％，体外降解率为16．95％，具有较好的力学性能与周围组织无毒性反应。结论使用壳聚糖复合Ⅰ型胶原蛋白结合冷冻干燥技术，制备出具有良好三维空间构型的新型人工神经支架材料，其生物相容性良好，具有应用潜力。

Objective To produce a new kind of peripheral nerve scaffolds by combining chitosan with type Ⅰ collagen protein using freeze-dried method. Methods Firstly, ehitosan and type Ⅰ collagen protein were dissolved respectively in 0. 05 mol/L acetic acid to get the gelatin. Secondly, the scaffolds were fabricated using freeze-dried method and radiated with ultraviolet rays to make them cross-linked. Thirdly, the microscopic structures of scaffolds were observed using SEM （Scan Electron Microscope） to compare with those of peripheral nerves. The size of micropores and the porosity of scaffolds were measured also. The degradation rate of scaffolds in 0.01 mol/L PBS solution for 30 days was observed. The mechanical properties of scaffolds were measured and the cytotoxieity was evaluated. Results All the scaffolds were circular cylinder in shape, and the microscopic channels were arranged in a parallel manner, with uniform pore sizes. The average diameter of mieropores was 60-130 μm and the porosity rate and degradation rate of the scaffolds were 83.30% and 16.95% respectively. The mechanical properties were fine, and the eytotoxieity score of scaffolds was 0. Conclusions The new peripheral nerve scaffolds can be prepared by combining chitosan with type Ⅰ collagen protein using freeze-dried method, for they can have a good three-dimensional structure and satisfactory bioeompatibility with peripheral nerves.