间苯二酚-甲醛气凝胶空心微球制备技术

Preparation of resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogel hollow microspheres

采用微流体注射成型技术，以邻苯二甲酸二丁酯为内外油相，间苯二酚／甲醛（RF）溶液为水相，经过溶胶-凝胶、溶剂交换、超临界干燥等过程制备出了RF气凝胶空心微球。分别采用红外光谱、光学显微镜、X光显微分析、透射电镜（TEM）、N2吸附-脱附，对RF空心微球成分、形貌、孔径、直径分布等进行表征。结果表明：RF为单层空心微球，具有典型的气凝胶多孔结构，由粒径为10nm左右、且粒度分布较为均匀的纳米粒子构成，平均孔径为20nm左右，球形度和同心度大于95％，微球直径分布在550～750μm，最大可达到800μm，达到了快点火靶的基本要求。

Based on the technique of micro fluid injection molding, RF hollow microspheres were synthesized by using dibutyl phthalate as oil phase, RF solution as water phase, and by sol-gel, solvent exchanging and supercritical drying. The components, morphology, aperture, and diameter distribution of RF hollow microspheres were characterized by infrared spectrum, Xray. micro analysis, TEM, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption respectively. The results show that RF hollow microsphere is monolayered and has a typical structure of the porous aerogel. The pores are consisting of nearly uniform nano-particles about 10 nm in diameter, and their average aperture is about 20 nm. The sphericity and concentricity of the monolayer hollow microsphere is higher than 95%, the diameter distribution of RF hollow microspheres is in the range of 550-750μm, and the maximum diameter reaches 800 μm, which satisfies the requirement of fast ignition.