高原缺氧对外训官兵脑电图的影响

Effects of hypoxia on electroencephalography in military officers and soldiers at high altitude for training

目的:了解缺氧对高原外训官兵的脑电图的影响.方法:对由低海拔地区(海拔1000 m)急进高原(海拔4500m)进行演训的46名官兵进行脑电图监测.结果:在海拔1500 m(驻地),3200 m和4500 m和回到驻地2 mo后4个时间点,α波所占的比例分别为92.37±3.21,91.74±3.26,84.67±8.46,92.26±3.44;β波超过5%的人数分别为3,15,12,4人.3200 m和4500 m处与外训前相比,α波百分比、平均波幅、β波超过5%的人数和θ波超过5%的人数差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).3200 m和4500 m处相比,α波的平均频率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).3200 m时有2例出现轻度异常脑电图,4500 m时有9例.回到驻地2 mo后脑电图与外训前相比无明显差别(P>0.05).结论:α波减少,β和θ波增多,α波幅和频率降低是高原外训官兵脑电图变化的特点,高原脱适应2 mo后,脑电图恢复正常.

ATM： To investigate the effect of hypoxia on electroencephalography（EEG） in military officers and soldiers for training at high altitude. METHODS： Forty-six military officers and soldiers who abruptly advanced high altitude（4500 m） for training from low altitude（ 1000 m） were monitored respectively by EEG. RESULTS： Percentages of alpha wave were approximately 92.37 ±3.21, 91.74±3.26, 84.67 ±8.46, 92.26±3.44, respectively at 1500 m（base）, 3200 m, 4500 m above sea level and when returning the base after training for 2 months. The number of military officers and soldiers whose beta wave was more than 5% was 3, 15, 12, 4, respectively. Compared with those before training, at the altitudes of 3200 m and 4500 m, percentage and mean amplitude of alpha wave, the numbers of persons whose beta wave was more than 5% and ones whose theta wave was over 5% were significantly different（P 〈 0.01 ）. Mean frequency of alpha wave had significant difference between 3200 m and 4500 m（ P 〈 0.01 ）. Abnormal EEG was found in 2 cases at the altitude of 3200 m, and in 9 cases at the altitude of 4500 m. EEG recordings of military officers and soldiers who had been back from high altitude for 2 months had no significant difference from those before training. CONCLUSION： It is the characteristics of EEG changes that alpha wave is decreased, beta and theta waves are increased, amplitude and frequency of alpha wave step down in military officers and soldiers when they abruptly advance highland for training. After they go back the base from highland for 2 months, their EEG findings return normal.