培养条件对绿木霉菌几丁质酶分泌水平的调节

Regulation of Fermentation Conditions on the Secretion of Chitinase in Trichoderma virens

木霉菌（Trichoderma spp．）是一类重要的植病生防因子，该菌产生的包括几丁质酶在内的细胞壁降解酶，在木霉重寄生中起重要作用。该文采用正交试验方法研究了葡萄糖浓度、铵盐浓度、胶状几丁质三个因素及其交互作用对绿木霉菌（Trichoderma，Virens）几丁质酶分泌水平的影响，结果表明，低浓度葡萄糖（0．1％）和低浓度铵盐（10mmol／L）有利于几丁质酶的分泌，几丁质酶活性最高可达到6．83U；高浓度葡萄糖对几丁质酶的分泌有明显抑制作用，在3％葡萄精浓度条件下几丁质酶的分泌水平均小于0．45U，在高铵盐浓度（100mmo/L）时，几丁质酶分泌水平在0．59～1．29U；胶状几丁质的添加可在术霉菌丝体生长早期（培养前72h）诱导几丁质酶的分泌；葡萄糖与铵盐的交互作用能够显著提高几丁质酶的分泌水平。

Some Trichoderma spp. are promising biocontrol agents （BCAs） for plant diseases. It was observed that clfifinase of Trichoderma played an important role in mycoparasifism which was considered as one of the mechanisms involved in the antagonism of Trichodermaagainst plant fungal pathogens. We examined the effects of glucose, ammonium, chitin, and their interaction on secretion of chifinase in Trichoderma virens by orthogonal matrix method. The secretion of chitinase can be improved by low concentrations of glucose （0.1% ） and low concentrations of ammo- nium salt （ 10 mmol / L）, and the highest activity of chifinase was 6.83U. However, the secretion of chifinase was repressed signifieandy by high concentration of glucose, The activity of chitinase was less than 0.45U at 3% glucose. ]n the condition of high ammonium salt concentration （100 mmol / L）, chifinase activity was 0.59 - 1.29 U. The presence of chitin induced the production of chifinase. The interaction of glucose and am- monium increased significantly the level of chitinase in Trichoderma Virens.