洪水再生稻高产栽培技术研究

High yield cultural technique of ratooning rice after flood disaster

2007年7月8—9日,四川省泸县发生了特大洪涝灾害,嘉明和福集2镇洪水淹没面积多达8 000 hm2,淹没时间为60—92 h,处于不同生育期的水稻受到了不同程度的生长抑制。通过野外追踪调查和示范区比较试验,提出在洪灾后结合水稻生育期、淹没时间、淹水深度、植株长势等指标判断水稻受害程度,并以各指标为依据果断采取相应的抗灾、减灾对策。初步分析认为,蓄留洪水再生稻是行之有效的灾后生产自救措施,同时揭示了早割低留桩、晚割高留桩、早割多施肥、晚割少施肥、保持浅水层和防治病虫害是蓄留洪水再生稻的关键技术。

The severe flood occurred from July 8 to 9,2007 in Luxian county of Sichuan province in China, especially in Jiaming town and Fuji town with submergence fields about 8 000 hm^2 and submergence duration from 60 to 92 hours. The rice growth at the different growing stages was restrained to some extent because of flood. Based on field investigation and the experiments of demonstration region, the damaged degrees of rice were described by some indexes such as growth periods of rice, submergence duration and depth, growth vigor after flood. And the related countermeasures against flood disaster were put forward according to the above-mentioned. The results indicate that planting ratooning rice is an effective method for mitigating the negative effects from the flood disas- ter. And the main technical determinants for planting ratooning rice to minimize the flood influence are to cut the rice early, to maintain low rice stems and shallow water layers, to enhance fertilization, and to prevent and cure plant diseases and insect pests.