近46年影响福建的台风降水的气候特征分析

CLIMATIC VARIATION FEATURES OF TYPHOON PRECIPITATION INFLUENCING FUJIAN FOR THE PAST 46 YEARS

对1960～2005年46年间影响福建的台风降水进行时空分析,结果表明:影响福建的台风降水主要发生在5～11月,8月是台风降水最多的月份;自1960年以来台风降水整体呈下降趋势;在地域分布上台风降水由闽南沿海向闽西北内陆逐渐减小,最大台风降水出现在闽南和闽东北地区;台风暴雨是福建地区的极端强降水事件之一,台风暴雨频发区主要集中在沿海及闽西南地区;受福建山地地形作用山脉以东的台风暴雨发生的概率要大大高于山脉西侧地区。台风降水的异常与亚洲地区500hPa大气环流和赤道东太平洋海温异常关系密切,它们可能主要通过大气环流的改变进而对影响中国台风北上路径起到调制作用,并最终引起福建地区台风降水的异常。

The results of an analysis of the temporal and spatial distribution of typhoon precipitation influencing Fujian from 1960 to 2005 show that typhoon precipitation in Fujian province occurs from May to November, with the most in August. There has been a decreasing trend of typhoon precipitation in Fujian since 1960. Typhoon precipitation gradually decreases from the coastal region to the mainland northwestern part of Fujian and the maximum typhoon precipitation occurs in the northeast and the south of Fujian. Typhoon torrential rain is one of the extreme rainfall events in Fujian. The high frequency of typhoon torrential rain occurs in the coastal and southwest regions of Fujian. With the impact of Fujian s terrain, typhoon precipitation occurs more easily in the east of the mountains than in the west. Atmosphere circulation at 500 hPa over Asia and sea temperature anomalies of the equator neighborhood in the Eastern Pacific were analyzed, with the finding that the anomaly of typhoon precipitation influencing Fujian is closely connected with the two factors. Variation of atmosphere circulation induced mostly by the two factors is a modulating action on typhoon going northward to influence China. And finally, they lead to the anomaly of typhoon precipitation influencing Fujian.