三七皂苷Rg1对学习记忆功能障碍的影响

Effects of notogisenoside Rg1 on learning and memory function in multiple models

目的:研究三七皂苷Rg1灌胃对多种化学物质所致动物记忆障碍模型的影响。方法:采用避暗和水迷宫方法分别研究三七皂苷Rg1对东莨菪碱所致动物大、小鼠记忆获得障碍、亚硝酸钠所致小鼠记忆巩固障碍及40%乙醇所致大、小鼠记忆再现障碍的影响;用生化法测定东莨菪碱所致记忆获得障碍大鼠大脑皮层中的乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量,用荧光分光光度法测定其大脑皮层脂褐质含量。结果:小鼠避暗试验结果显示,与东莨菪碱所致记忆获得障碍、亚硝酸钠所致记忆巩固障碍及40%乙醇所致记忆再现障碍模型组比较,中、高剂量(200和400mg/kg)的三七皂苷Rg1均明显减少5min内的错误次数,并显著延长潜伏期。水迷宫试验显示,与模型组相比,中、高剂量(200和400mg/kg)的三七皂苷Rg1均明显减少3min内动物进入盲端的错误次数,显著缩短小鼠游完全程达岸的时间。经分阶段训练后,与模型组相比,中、高剂量的三七皂苷Rg1均显著增加动物达岸的正确反应百分率。大鼠避暗试验结果表明,与东莨菪碱所致记忆获得障碍及40%乙醇所致记忆再现障碍模型组比较,中、高剂量(100和200 mg/kg)的三七皂苷Rg1均明显减少5min内的错误次数,显著延长潜伏期。与东莨菪碱所致记忆获得障碍模型组相比,中、高剂量(100和200mg/kg)的三七皂苷Rg1均显著降低AChE活性、MDA及脂褐质的含量。结论:三七皂苷Rg1能改善记忆损伤模型动物的学习记忆功能,其机制可能与降低脑组织AChE活性,降低脑组织中脂质过氧化物、脂褐质等的含量有关。

Objective：To study the effects of notogisenoside Rg1 on abilities of learning and memory and its preliminary mechanisms. Methods ：The methods of avoidance response to darkness and water maze were used to investigate the effects of notogisenoside Rg1 on the dementia models challenged by scopolamine hydrobromide, alcohol, NaNO2 in ICR mice and SD rats, respectively. The activity of acetylcholine esterase （ AChE ） and the contents of malondiadehyde （ MDA ） and lipofuscin in brain tissue were measured by biochemical methods and fluorospectrophotometry, respectively. Results： In the tests of avoidance response to darkness, notogisenoside Rg1 at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg could significantly decrease the error times within 5 min in dysmnesia groups （ P 〈 0.01, P 〈 0.05） and prolong the incubation periods of memory. Compared with the model group, the mice swimming time and the error times within 3 min in the test of water maze were markedly shorter in the groups of high and middle doses of notogisenoside Rg1 （ P 〈0.05, P 〈0.01 ）. Middle and high doses of notogisenoside Rg1 decreased the level of MDA,inhibited the activity of AChE, and increased lipofuscin in brain tissue. Conclusion：Notogisenoside Rg1 could improve the abilities of learning and memory in animal models through multiple ways. The preliminary mechanisms may be associated with its effects on decreasing the activity of AChE and reducing the level of lipid peroxidation in brain tissue. It is suggested that notogisenoside-Rg1 have the effects of improving learning and memory.