痰热清注射液对大鼠急性放射性肺损伤的防治

Experimental study on the prevention and treatment of acute radiation lung injury of rats by Tanreqing injection

目的 观察痰热清对大鼠急性放射性肺损伤的防治作用。方法 60只雌性Wistar大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、痰热清中药治疗组（中药组）和地塞米松联合头孢氨苄西药治疗组（西药组），每组动物均为15只。用6MVX射线直线加速器对大鼠双肺进行单次照射25Gy。分别于照射后2、4和6周3个时间点，每组各随机取5只大鼠活体观察和取材。取动脉血检测细胞因子；测定肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中性粒细胞计数；取右中肺组织，以测定羟脯氨酸含量；取右上肺组织切片，行HE染色，光镜观察病理改变。结果 模型组大鼠肺组织于照射后2周出现放射性肺炎改变，第6周时肺泡间隔增厚明显，肺泡腔纤维素渗出。除空白组外，中药组大鼠肺组织放射性肺炎反应最轻，BALF中性粒细胞数相对较低，血清肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、转化生长因子-β1（TGF—β1）和肺组织羟脯氨酸含量均较模型组低。结论痰热清可抑制致炎因子和致纤维化因子的表达，减轻急性放射性肺损伤的炎性反应，延缓放射性肺纤维化的进展，对急性放射性肺损伤具有防治作用。

Objective To observe the effect of Tanreqing on preventing and treating acute radiation injury of rats＇ lung tissue. Methods Sixty Wistar female rats were randomly allocated into 4 groups as blank control group, model group, Tanreqing treatment group and dexamethasone combined cefalexin treatment group. Each group had 15 rats. The lungs of all rats except those in the blank group were irradiated by 6 MV X ray linear accelerator with the dose of 25 Gy. 5 rats in each group were randomly chosen at each time point （2, 4 and 6 weeks after irradiation ）. The cytokine in the arterial blood was detected. The neutrophil number was counted in the BALF. The content of hydroxyproline of the fight lung was measured. The pathological changes of the fight lung dyed with HE stain were observed through light microscope at the same time. Results The lung tissue of rats in model group had radiation pneumonia changes 2 weeks after irradiation. The lung stroma was obviously thickened and much cellulose effused in pulmonary alveoli 6 weeks after irradiation. Except for the blank group, radiation pneumonia of rats in Tanreqing treatment group was the slightest, the number of neutrophil of BALF was lower than that of the other two control groups. TNF-α, TGF-β1 of blood serum and hydroxyproline of lung tissue in Tanreqing treatment group were lower than those of the model group. Conclusions Tanreqing can inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors and fibrosis-inducing factors, and thus lessen the inflammatory reaction of the early stage of radiation pneumonia. And it can prolong the progression of radiation lung fibrosis. Tanreqing has an important role in preventing and treating the acute radiation lung injury.