自护模式在临床护理中应用现状的调查研究

A survey on application of self-care model in clinical care

目的:了解自护模式在临床护理工作中的应用情况,并分析其影响因素,为自护模式在临床护理工作中的积极开展提供依据。方法:采用整群抽样的方法,对重庆市二、三级医院385名临床护理人员进行自护模式应用情况的问卷调查,资料用SPSS15.0软件包进行统计分析。结果:①临床护理人员对自护模式的认知情况一般,理论知识平均得分为(4.5±1.4)分,自护理念的认可程度较高,不同学历、不同年龄的护理人员对自护理念认可得分的差异有统计学意义(F=4.84,P=0.009;F=3.552P=0.030)。②护理人员对病人的自护需要关注不够,对病人的自我护理支持以宣讲自我护理知识为主,但对病人及其家属自我护理行为的监督较少。③学历,职称以及对自护理念的认可是影响护理人员应用自护模式的主要因素。结论:加强自护模式的临床教育,提高护理人员对自护模式的认知,建立相应的护理质量管理标准和评价方法,使自护模式在临床工作中顺利开展。

Objective：To investigate the application of self-care model in clinical care and its influence, so as to provide some basis for the clinical application of self-care model. Methods：A total of 385 clinical nursres in hospital of grand Ⅱ and Ⅲ in Chongqing city were investigated by filling out questionnaire about the application of self-care model in clinical care. All data were analysed by SPSS. Results： （1）The cognition about self-care model was not high. The averaged score about theory of self-care was 4.5 ± 1.4.There was singnificant difference in acceptance of self-care philosophy among nursing groups of different education backgrounds and ages（F=4.84 P=0.009;F=3.552 P=0.030）. （2）Nurses did not show much concern about patient＇s self-care demand and the nurse＇s support to patient＇s self-care was manily to give patients the self-care knowledge with little supervision for the patients and patients＇ families＇ self-care action. Conclusion：It is preconditional for clinical application of self-care model to enhance the theory education about self-care model to clinical nursers, inprove the clinical nursers＇ cognition of self-care model, set up corresponding guidelines and evaluation method for nusing quality management.