平塘苗族和布依族人群ABO血型分布及基因频率调查

An Investigation of ABO Blood Groups and the Gene Frequencies among Miao and Buyi Ethnic Groups in Pingtang County

目的:了解贵州省平塘县苗族和布依族人群ABO血型分布特征。方法:采用玻片法进行ABO血型检测。结果:平塘苗族ABO血型分布为O型>A型>B型>AB型,基因频率r>p>q;布依族为O型>B型>A型>AB型,基因频率r>q>p。同一民族男女间ABO血型分布差异无显著性(P>0.05),两个民族间血型分布差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两个民族ABO血型中的各型观察值和期望值均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律。结论:平塘苗族和布依族均有较高的O基因频率,具有典型的南方人群的结构特征;ABO血型分布存在民族差异。

Objective： To get the information of ABO blood group distribution and the gene frequencies in Miao and Buyi in Pingtang county, Guizhou province. Methods： Glass slide smearing method was used for ABO blood type identification. Results： The ranks of ABO blood group freqencies and A, B, O gene frequencies of Miao were O 〉 A 〉 B 〉 AB, and r 〉 p 〉 q respectively, and those of Buyi were O 〉 B 〉 A 〉 AB, and r 〉 q 〉 p. There was no difference of ABO blood group distribution between male and female in a same ethnic group of Miao or Buyi （ P 〉 0.05 ）, while statistical significance of ABO blood group freqencies occurred between Miao and Buyi （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The observed and expected values of ABO blood group parameters in the two ethnic groups met Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium （ P 〉 0.05）. Conclusions： A higher O gene frequency exists in Miao and Buyi ethnic groups in Pingtang County, and shows a structural feature similar to other populations living in southern China. There are differences about the distribution of ABO blood groups among different ethnic groups.