57例青少年首发精神分裂症患者临床特征分析

目的探讨儿童青少年期首发精神分裂症患者的临床特征。方法选择首发未经系统治疗的青少年精神分裂症患者作为研究对象，并以同年相应的成人精神分裂症患者作为对照研究，分别对两组患者的一般资料及临床资料进行调查分析。结果两组患者在起病形式、家族史、个性、疗效方面无显著性差异（“P〉0.05”），而研究组在前驱期症状的发生率（性格改变，意志减退，动作、行为反常，情绪反常）均高于对照组，两组有显著性差异（“P〈0.01”）。诊断分型（偏执型、未定型），入院时PANSS总评分及各分量表分值均低于对照组，两者有显著性差异（“P〈0.01”）。结论青少年首发精神分裂症患者临床特征上有别于成人。

Objective to explore the clinical characteristics of juvenile with first episode schizophrenia. Methods the ordinary data and clinical data of juvenile with first episode schizophrenia which had not had systematic treatment, compared with adult payients. Results there were no significant differences in the form of episode positive family history, precipitating factors, clinical effect beween the juvenile and adult groups（P〉0.05）, the incidence rate of early episode symptoms （personality change,hypobulia,unusual behavior, emotional laitity） in the juvenile group were markedly higher than those in the aduld group （P〈0.01）.the paranoid schizophrenia and undifferentiated schizophrenia patients were more common in sdule group. Before treatment,scores of positive and Negative Syndrome Scale （PANSS） and scores of all the factors were significantly lower than those in the adult group（P〈0.01）. Conclusions there are fixed differences between juvenile and adult patients.