2007年广东省湛江雷州市登革热流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of dengue fever in Leizhou,Zhanjiang,Guangdong province in 2007

目的分析广东省湛江雷州市2007年登革热流行特点和流行因素。方法收集湛江雷州市2007年登革热的流行资料、实验室检测和蚊媒资料,并进行描述性流行病学分析。结果2007年湛江雷州市报告登革热病例205例,年发病率为14.8/10万,无死亡病例。疫情涉及3个镇,乌石镇占91.2%(187/205),该镇在9月30日至11月22日先后出现2个发病高峰。所有病例男女性别比为1:1.11,年龄以30～60岁为主(63.9%),职业以家务待业人员和学生为主(84.9%),临床症状以发热(99.4%)和头痛(76.5%)为主。从18份患者血清中分离到登革热1型病毒,其中1例患者血清病毒基因序列与2007年珠海市某登革热病例的同源性为99.8%。埃及伊蚊是该地主要的传播媒介,居民家中的水缸则是主要的孳生地。结论湛江雷州市2007年登革热暴发流行由登革热1型病毒引起,居民家中水缸的伊蚊繁殖是导致暴发流行的主要因素。

Objective The study was conducted to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of dengue fever in Leizhou, Zhanjiang, Guangdong in 2007. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was performed on the basis of epidemic data, laboratory findings and entomophily records with respect of dengue fever in Leizhou, Zhanjiang in 2007. Results A total of 205 cases of dengue fever were reported in Leizhou, Zhanjiang in 2007, without death cases. The annual incidence was 14.8/lakh. Three towns were involved in the epidemic, 91.2% of cases（187/205） occurring in Wushi town where two peaks presented within the duration from Sep. 30 to Nov. 22. The men to women ratio was 1：1.11. Affected cases were mostly aged between 30-60 years （63.9%）; house workers, unemployed ones and students （84.9%） constituted the occupational predominance among the affected cases, and the clinical symptoms included fever（99.4%） and headache（76.5%）. Dengue virus Type I was isolated from 18 patients＇blood serum, of which one genetic sequence was highly homologous （99.8%） with other case found in Zhuhai in 2007. Aedes aegypti was the major vector in the city, and household water tanks were the breeding ground. Conclusion The epidemic of dengue fever in Leizhou, Zhanjiang in 2007 was caused by virus sero-type I dengue virus, and Aedes from household water tanks constituted the causative agents.