广西壮族自治区突发公共卫生事件监测与防控对策分析

Surveillance information of public health emergencies and preventive and control measures analysis in Guangxi

目的了解广西壮族自治区突发公共卫生事件监测信息的流行病学特征,为政府应对公共卫生突发事件组织实施的预防和控制的行政措施提供科学参考。方法收集广西2004-2007年突发公共卫生事件疫情报告数据与资料,进行流行病学分析。结果2004-2007年广西共报告655起突发公共卫生事件,发病例数为25905例,死亡140例,病死率0.54%,全年呈现2个波峰,3-7月份突发事件明显增多,共发生334起,占事件总数50.99%,第2个波峰发生9-12月份,占事件总数36.95%;学校突发事件发生365起,占事件总数的55.73%,发病18174例,无死亡。结论学生是突发公共卫生事件的主要发病人群;事件类型以传染病暴发为主,事件发生场所主要在学校。广西的突发公共卫生事件多数发生在农村地区,尤其是危害中小学生的身体健康和生命安全。

Objective The study was conducted to determine the epidemiological characteristics of the surveillance information of public health emergencies in Guangxi, providing evidence for the development of preventive and control policies and strategies as well as comprehensive government actions. Methods Epidemic reporting data and materials related to public health emergencies in Guangxi, 2004-2007 were collected for epidemiological analysis. Results A total of 655 public health emergencies were reported in Guangxi, 2004-2007, involving 25 905 cases and 140 deaths, the death rate being 0.54 percent. Two peaks were present in a year, marked by significantly increased emergencies from March to July, amounting to 334 and accounting for 50.99% of the total number of events; the other involved from Sep. to Dec., accounting for 36.95% of the total counts. School emergencies （365） accounted for 55.73% of the total number, involving 18 174 people without deaths, and these were the major affected group. Conclusion The events were mostly outbreaks of infectious diseases, mostly occurring in schools. Public health emergencies in Guangxi occurred mostly in rural areas, causing potential harm to the health and safety of primary and secondary school students, in particular.