2007年浙江省血吸虫病疫情监测结果分析

Analysis on the epidemic survenlance of schistosomiasis in Zhejiang province in 2007

目的掌握血吸虫病疫情，为制定防治策略提供科学依据。方法螺情调查与疫区人群的检查相结合。螺情监测用系统抽样结合环境抽查法，查到的钉螺用压碎法检查血吸虫感染，用土埋结合药物方法灭螺；病情监测用血清学筛选阳性者后粪检，检查有螺村和来自尚未控制血吸虫病县人（畜）。结果对浙江省53个县的427个乡（镇）4193个村开展查螺，在22个县的84个乡349个村查到钉螺，面积122．02hm^2，捕获并解剖钉螺107613只，结果均阴性。查病210989人，未发现本地患者，但查到输入性病例24例。全省共确认晚期血吸虫病患者1060例，并已展开救助。结论浙江省血吸虫病疫情稳定，但残存钉螺面积居高不下，输入性病例时有发生，今后血防重点是查灭钉螺和防控外来传染源。

Objective To investigate the epidemic status of schistosomiasis in Zhejiang province, so as to provide scientific data for the strategies formulating on schistosomiasis control. Method Both the snail investigation and serum survey were included. The snails were investigated by the method of systematic sampling combined with environmental sampling. Snails were dissected to determine the infection status. Snails were controlled by environmental modification combined with molluseacide. Both the persons and hvestock, in the villages where the snails inhabited and from the counties where shcistosomiasis was not controlled, were screened by serological methods, and the positive cases were confirmed by fecal examination. The cases and livestock with sehistosoma antibody or/and egg positive were treated with praziquantel. Results The residual snail area was 122.02 hm2 in 349 villages of 22 counties after the snail survey was carried in 4193 villages of 53 counties in Zhejiang province. No infected snail was found among 107 613 dissected snails. 210 989 individuals were subjected to serological examination and no native case was found except 24 imported cases. 1060 cases of advanced schistosomiasis have been confirmed. Conclusions The epidemic status of schistosomiasis in Zhejiang province is stable despite of a fairly high rate of the residual snail area and the imported cases sometimes, and still, the control of residual snail and imported cases is the key point for sehistomiasis control in the future.