风对河道溢油扩展、漂移影响的实验研究

Experimental investigations of wind effect on the oil spill spread and drift

本文通过风水槽实验,模拟了在不同风速,水流速度条件下油膜的扩展、漂移运动状况。分析研究了不同工况下风对溢油油膜扩展、漂移的影响。实验结果表明:无论是对于瞬时溢油还是连续溢油,风都能使得溢油油膜扩展尺度增加两倍左右;风与水流同向时,风速的变化对于瞬时溢油油膜的扩展尺度影响很小,对连续溢油油膜的扩展尺度随风速增加而增加;风与水流反向时,油膜的扩展尺度与风速和水流速度之间相对大小有关。对于漂移过程,无论是瞬时溢油还是连续溢油,其顺风边缘都随风速的增加而速度加快。

An experimental study on spread and drift of oil spill under the conditions of different wind and water flow was carried out in a flume. The experimental results indicated that the scale of oil slick can be spread twice by wind both for instantaneous and continuous oil spill. The scale of instantaneous oil slick was not affected by the variety of wind velocity while the scale of continuous oil slick increased with increasing wind speed under the same direction of wind and water flow. However, when the directions of wind and water flow were opposite, the scale ofoil slick was changed with increasing relative speed between wind and water flow. For the drift process, the edge drift speed of before the wind for both instantaneous and continuous oil spill increased with increasing wind speed.