含铜马氏体抗菌不锈钢的研究

Study of a Cu-Containing Martensitic Antibacterial Stainless Steel

在马氏体不锈钢中添加适量铜,经过固溶和时效处理,在不锈钢中弥散析出ε-Cu相,可赋予不锈钢优良的抗菌性能。用透射电镜观察了析出相的形貌分布,还用电子能谱分析了析出相的组成。抗菌检测结果表明,含铜马氏体不锈钢对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有高效杀灭作用,而仅经过固溶处理的不锈钢则没有杀菌作用。耐蚀性测试结果表明,含铜不锈钢的耐点蚀性能下降,其原因在于钝化膜与ε-Cu相之间存在腐蚀电位而发生电偶腐蚀。

Through solution and age treatment, ε-Cu phases could precipitate dispersedly in the matrix of Cu-containing martensitic stainless steel, which gives the steel excellent antibacterial properties. The morphology and distribution of the precipitates were observed by TEM and the composition of the precipitates was revealed by EDX. The result of the antibacterial test showed that the Cu-containing martensitic stainless steel has a high efficiency of sterilizing effect on both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, but no such effect for the steel only undergone solution treatment. The corrosion test indicated that the pitting corrosion resistance of the Cu-containing stainless steel was decreased due to the galvanic corrosion between the ε-Cu precipitates and the passive film.