水氮耦合对小麦叶片硝酸还原酶活性、植株吸氮量及产量的影响

Effects of Water and Nitrogen Coupling in Winter Wheat on Leaves NRA,Plant Nitrogen Absorption and Yield

试验于2006—2007年在大田条件下研究了水氮互作对2个不同类型的冬小麦品种石新733和订麦15叶片硝酸还原酶（NR）活性、植株吸氮量及产量的影响。结果表明，开花前石新733NR活性随施N最增加而增高，百麦15施N量在180～240kg／hm^2，NR活性最高，施N量过高过低NR活性均下降、仡后土壤含水量较高时，施氮过少或过高都会降低NR活性，花后土壤含水量较低时，NR活性随施氮量增加而升高：适量施氮肥能够提高小麦植侏吸氮量。开花期灌水显著提高了花后旗叶NR活性和籽粒产量，但显著降低了籽粒的伞氮含帚，开花期灌水对植株总吸氮量影响较小。在本试验条件下，公顷施氮量石新733以2水条件下180kg，石麦15以2水条件下60kg籽粒产量最高。

The experiment was conducted during 2006 - 2007 in field conditions on irrigation and Nitrogen Coupling effects on nitrate reductase activity, plant nitrogen absorption and yield of two different types of winter wheat Shixin733 and Shimai15.The result showed that the nitrate reductase activity of Shixin733 increased with the nitrogen amount,but the nitrate reductase activity of Shimai15 had the highest point among 180 - 240 kg nitrogen amount per hectare, decreased when too much or too less nitrogen. The nitrate reductase activity decreased when the nitrogen was too much or too less on the high soil containing water, increased with the increasing nitrogen on the low soil water content. Proper nitroge- nous fertilizer could promote nitrogen absorption of the plant, but the anthesis irrigation improved the nitrate reductase ac- tivity of the flag leaves and grain yield, but remarkably reduced the whole nitrogen content of the grain and had less effec- tion on the whole nitrogen absortption of the plant. On the experimental conditions,Shixin 733 had the highest yield when it was irrigated two times and feilizered 180 kg per hectare, Shimai 15 had the highest yield when it was irrigated two times and feilizered 60 kg per hectare.