小麦不同播种方式群体结构的研究

A STUDY OF POPULATION STRUCTURE OF WHEAT IN DIFFERENT PLANTING PATTERNS

研究了小麦不同播种方式(撒播、稀点播、条播、密点播)和两种密度下(1.2×10~5苗/亩和1.8×10~5苗/亩)的麦株叶片生长,分蘖生长与成穗,群体茎蘖消长动态,叶面积指数发展动态,群体干物质积累,产量及产量构成因素。结果表明,密点播小麦容易控制密度能促进分蘖发生,有效分蘖期长,分蘖成穗率高,从而显著增加有效穗数,同时穗部性状不变劣,获得比其它播种方式较高的产量。此外.密点播小麦群体的茎蘖消长及叶面积指数发展动态较合理,干物质积累较多。

Leaf growth of wheat plants, tiller emergence and the effectiveears from tillering, the emergence and death dynamics of populational stemsand tillers, the developmental dynamics of leaf area index, the accumulationdynamics of populational dry matter, the yield and yield components underdifferent planting patterns (namely, broad casting, sparse dibbling, drilling andclose dibbling)and different planting rates(1.2×10~5 seedlings/mu and 1.8×10~5seedlings/mu) were studied. The results showed that close dibbling was able bothto promote and control tillering, making long productive tillering stage andhigh productive tillering rate, as well as making density control easier. Thedensity increase showed a remarkable increase of effective tillering and higheryield than those of other planting patterns. The ear characteristics did notworsen. The results also showed that the emergence and death dynaemics ofpopulational stems and tillers and the developmental dynamics of leaf area indexwere rational and dry matter accumulation was higher under close dibbling.