长江三角洲地区城市居民成年人身体成分和骨密度的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of body composition and bone mineral density on the city residents in the Yangtse Delta area

目的：分析长江三角洲地区城市居民成年人身体成分和骨密度的现状与变化规律，以期据此制定和采取有针对性的干预措施。方法：于2004年在实施一般性体质检测的基础上，对长江三角洲地区5852名20～59岁成年人（男性2897人，女性2955）的身体成分和骨密度相关指标进行测定。结果：1）男女体内水分的含量比例随年龄增加而逐渐减少，体脂肪率则随着年龄增加而增加，蛋白质和矿物质的含量比例则表现为先升后降的变化趋势；相同年龄的男女比较，男性各年龄段体内的水分、蛋白质和矿物质三种成分明显均高于女性（P〈0．01），而女性的体脂肪率则明显高于男性（P〈0．01）。2）BUA随年龄递增表现为先升后降的变化趋势，其中男性在35～39年龄段达到最高值（79．22±16．43）dB／MHz，女性在30～34年龄段达到最高值（70．17±15．72）dB／MHz；男女BQI和SOS参数值均在20～24岁年龄段时最高，以后随年龄递增均呈现明显的下降趋势。男性在各年龄段的BQI、BUA和SOS都明显高于女性（P〈0．01）。结论：成年男女蛋白质、矿物质、体脂肪等身体成分和骨密度在40岁左右时变化明显，女性体内蛋白质、矿物质明显低于男性，而体脂肪率则高于男性；女性骨量丢失年龄较男性提前，骨质疏松发生率也高于男性。

Objective ： To analyze the present condition and the variety regulation of the bone density and the body composition about the city residents in the Yangtse Delta area, we expect to draw up and adopt appropriate measures to intervene. Method ： Based on the general physical endowment examination in 2004, we carried on the measurement of the body composition and the bone densities in 5852 adults from the Yangtse Delta area （ male 2897, female 2955）. Result ： 1 ） The content comparison of water reduced in men and women along with their ages increased, and the body fat rate increased along with the age, the content comparison of mineral material and protein express for the variety trend of rising first, declining behind; To compare the men and women of the same age mutually,men＇s humidity,protein and the mineral in body of each age were obviously all higher than that of women（ P 〈 0.01） ,but the body fat rate of the women were obvious higher than that of men（ P 〈 0.01） .2）BUA express for the variety trend of rising first, declining behind along with the age increase, men at 35 - 39 of the age segment attain the tallest,79.22 ± s 16.43（dB/MHz）, and women at 30 - 34 of the age segment attain the tallest 70.17 ± s 15.72 （dB/MHz） ;BQI and the SOS parameter value of men and women all at 20 - 24 years were the tallest,hereafter show on the trend of descend with the age increased. The parameter value BQI , BUA and SOS in men were obviously all higher than that of women（p 〈 0.01）. Conclusion：Adult men and women of protein, minerals, fat and other body composition and bone mineral density changes markedly at the age of 40, protein and mineral material inside the female body were obviously lower than that in male, but the rate of body fat was higher than that in male;The age that bone material in women lost was earlier to that of men, and the occurrence rate of osteoporosis was also higher than that in men.