渤海海峡大风的气候特征分析

An Analysis of the Climatic Characteristics of the gale in Bohai Straits

统计了烟台、大连沿海共6个台站31a的历史资料,分析了各站大风日数、年际和月际变化特征、主导风向、风力等特点,得出渤海海峡大风的如下结论:1、海岛站能较好的代表渤海海峡大风的情况;2、大风日数存在逐年减少的变化趋势,但也存在着突变的特点;3、具有典型的季风性气候特征,冬季以偏北大风为主,春秋季开始出现偏南大风,月际变化呈现两峰一谷的形势;4、大连沿海以北大风为主,烟台沿海春秋季南大风次数明显增多;5、大风的风力以6～7级为主;8级以上的强风只占总次数的6.7%;6、以偏北风和偏南风较大,而偏东风和偏西风较小;7、极大风速一般比最大风速大1～2个等级;8、时常出现持续时间较长的连续大风。

Based on the meteorological data of 6 stations in the coastal area of Yantai and Dalian from 1975 to 2005, the data such as the distributions of the gale days in each station, the variation of the gale days in annual and monthly, and the characters of main gale＇s direction and speed have been analyzed, the result shows some conclusions in Bohai straits： 1. The insular stations represent gale situation perfectly; 2. The gale days has an annual decrease tendency, and sometimes it varies quickly; 3. It has the typical feature of monsoon, which the gale＇s direction is northern in winter and is southern in spring and autumn mainly, monthly variation tendency configuration has 2 apexes and 1 valley; 4. The gale＇s direction is northern in Dalian coastal, and the south gale days increase obviously in Yantai coastal in spring and autumn; 5. The gale＇s speed mainly varies from 6 to 7 grade, over 8 grade merely 6.7%. 6. North and south gales are stronger than the others. 7. The infinite gale＇s speed is stronger 1 or 2 grades than the maximum. 8. Lasting gales take place frequently.