地基承载力的常用提法及其工程应用

Common Terminology of Bearing Capacity of Foundation and Their Application in Engineering Practice

地基承载力有多种提法,如容许承载力、极限承载力、承载力特征值、根据地基的荷载条件与土性指标计算的承载力、勘察单位在工程设计前提供的承载力等;明确各种地基承载力的工程意义,对应用是重要的。文章分析了获得各种常用承载力计算方法的前提条件,提出工程应用中应当注意的问题。对地基在垂直、水平荷载共同作用下的情况,给出了地基承载力的计算公式。为正确的应用各种提法的地基承载力提出了建议。

There are many terms referring to the beating capacity of foundations, such as allowable bearing capacity, ultimate bearing capacity, characteristic value of bearing capacity, bearing capacity derived from the bearing conditions of a foundation and soil properties, bearing capacity provided by prospecting and survey contractors before making engineering designs and etc. It is important for applying these terms to practice to clarify the engineering meaning of various bearing capacities. The prerequisites to obtain methods for calculating various commonly-referred bearing capacities are analyzed in the paper and issues that should be well considered when these bearing capacities are applied in engineering practice are raised also in the paper. Equations to calculate the bearing capacity of foundations under the joint action of vertical and lateral loads are given in the paper and recommendations are also given for correct usage of various terms of bearing capacity of foundations.