医用X射线对工作人员健康损害的临床对比观察

Analysis on the health status of the medical wokers exposed to X-ray

目的了解医用X射线对放射工作人员的健康影响。方法对143名医用X射线工作人员进行临床检查及血常规检测,并设150名对照。结果143名医用X线放射工作人员的自觉症状以神经衰弱征候群为主,其发生率有随放射工龄的增加而增长的趋势(r=0.24,P<0.01);放射工作人员指甲改变与口腔溃疡的发生率显著高于对照组(P<0.01),但与放射工龄无关(P>0.05);白细胞计数(P<0.01)及血红蛋白的含量(P<0.05)显著低于对照组,且其白细胞计数与放射工龄显著相关(r=0.40,P<0.01)。结论长期小剂量的医用X线辐射可影响放射工作人员的身体健康,做好放射工作人员的健康监护至关重要。

Objective To investigate the health status of the medical workers exposed to X-ray. Methods 143 mediacal workers exposed to X-ray were selected as the experiment group, and 150 medical workers not exposed to X-rays were as the control group. Results The main symptom of the 143 medical workers was neurastheria, incidence rate increased with the length of the service （ r = 0. 24, P 〈 0. 01 ） ; The incidence rate of the change of nails and the somatic ulcer were higher than that of the control group （ P 〈 0.01 ）, however, not related with, the length of service （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. The white blood count and hemoglobin were lower than that of the control group, And there was significant correlation between white blood count and he length of service （ r = 0.40, P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Long-term exposed to X-rays will injure the health of the medical workers. Health surveillance is necessary to maintain the health of the medical workers exposed to X-ray.