略论存在主义与道家的契合

A survey on the Correspondence between Existentialism and Taoism

西方的存在主义哲学与中国的道家哲学有着深层而多方面的相通之处。首先,存在主义在批判传统形而上学的过程中始开西方从存在论上追问"无"之意义的先河,而老子则更早地从"无"的方面来思考世界。其次,在人的本质和自由问题上,存在主义和道家都抛开本质主义的思考方式,从一种开放的可能性来展示人的本质和自由。最后,存在主义和道家都认为,人的生存结构,应该是从"死"的方面来思考"生"。

Existentialism corresponds to Daoism in many aspects. Firstly, while existentialism explored the non -being ontologically, Laozi explored the world from the aspect of wu in earlier time. Secondly, as for the human nature and freedom, Existentialism and Taoism discard the essence doctrine and express the human nature and freedom from the possibilities of opening up. Finally, Taoism and existentialism have the same opinion in human＇ s living structure, that is, to think of ＂being＂ from the perspective of ＂death＂.