高技术产业集群的信任与声誉机制研究

Study on Network Governance Mechanism for Hi-tech Industrial Cluster:Trust and Reputation

高技术产业集群的"竞合关系"表现出"合作关系占主导,竞争关系为辅助"的关系结构;高技术产业集群内部经济主体具有长期合作的主观倾向;高技术产业集群的网络治理机制可以分为正式机制与非正式机制。从关系结构与网络成员的机会主义行为分析入手,对高技术产业集群非正式网络治理机制——信任文化和声誉机制进行了研究;高技术产业集群的信任体系结构包含五个层次,信任是网络型组织的基本运行机制,建立高绩效网络的最重要的要求是信任或社会认同,信任机制可以降低组织之间的交易成本;高技术产业集群以企业为主体的网络具有开放性,声誉机制的扩散效应更为明显,高技术产业集群声誉机制的重要含义在于拓展了交易范围与交易空间,为技术创新提供了更多的资源选择,使潜在交易对象可以演变为现实的可利用资源。

The relationship between competition and cooperation in hi-tech industrial cluster is shown on the relation structure that cooperation is dominant and competition is auxiliary. There is a subjective tendency on long-term cooperation for economic main bodies of hi-tech industrial cluster. Starting with analysis on relational structure and the opportunism behavior of network members, in depth research has been made on the informal network Governance mechanism for hi- tech industrial cluster： trust and reputation. The trust system structure of hi-tech industrial cluster includes five layers, where trust is the basic operation mechanism for organization of network type. The most important requirement for establishing a high performance network is trust or social identity, and trust mechanism could reduce transaction cost between organizations. The network of hi-tech industrial cluster dominated by enterprises is featured with openness, and the diffusing effect of reputation mechanism shall be more obvious. The important meaning of reputation mechanism in hi-tech industrial cluster is shown on the expansion of the scope and space for transaction, more resources selection for technical innovation and transfering potential transaction objects into available resources in reality.