撂荒堆积红壤性土次生演替植物群落结构研究

Study on secondary succession plant community structure on abandoned naked red soil

采用样方法对位于韶关市郊的撂荒堆积红壤性土进行次生演替植物群落结构调查研究.结果表明:撂荒堆积红壤性土经过3年的植被恢复,植物种类组成比较丰富,共有24科48种,植物群落以落叶灌木和多年生草本为优势种群,群落呈现上层灌木下层草本的分层结构,季相明显.从山麓到山顶呈现多年生藤本——多年生草本——落叶灌木的分布特征,说明撂荒堆积红壤性土植被恢复快速,葛藤、鸡矢藤是固定堆积红壤性土的优势藤本植物,丝茅、狗牙根是先锋草本,盐肤木、黄荆树是红壤性土的优势木本植物,也是红壤性土的建群种.此外,被鉴定的48种植物中属于入侵种的有17种,占植物种类的35.42%,说明本地红壤性土植被恢复很容易受外来物种入侵.

We studied secondary succession plant community structure on abandoned naked red soil in shaoguan, using the quadrat sampling method. The result showed that abandoned naked red soil through 3 years succession recovery, vegetation type composition was relatively abundant including 24 department and 48 species. Deblade shrub and perennial herb were prevalent, upper stratum was shrub and underlayer was herb. Season aspect was obvious. From foot of the mountain to the top , disposition was perennial liane, perennial herb, deblade fruticose. Relative frequency, relative density showed that vegetative cover was recovered quickly on abandoned naked red soil. Puerraria lobata （willd） ohwi and Paederia scandens （ Lout. ） Merr were ascendant climbing shrub, Imperata cylindrica （ L. ） and Cynodon dactylon （ L. ） Pers. were vanguard weed. Rhus chinensis Mill and Negundo Chastetree Fruit were ascendant woody plant , they were constructive species. Besides, there were 17 species which belonged to invading species, accounting to 35.42%. this showed that vegetative cover was easily invaded by extraneous species.