空间相机外遮光罩结构设计与优化

Design and optimization of lightweight outer baffle for space camera

选择以碳纤维复合材料和钛合金为主要材料设计了某空间相机外遮光罩,介绍了遮光罩的结构特点,探讨了基于有限元法的结构优化设计理论和方法并对该外遮光罩进行了优化。以外遮光罩质量最轻为优化目标,选择遮光罩的径向厚度和光阑厚度为设计变量,以基频和自重变形为约束条件,进行最优化分析。优化结果表明,在保证外遮光罩基频基本不变的情况下,相机外遮光罩的质量由7.2 kg减少到4.4 kg,较优化前减少了38.9%。最后用有限元法对优化结果进行了静力学和动力学校核,结果比较理想,可满足设计要求。

The structure of the outer baffle designed for a space camera was investigated. In order to achieve the minimum weight, the carbon fibre composite and TC4 were chosen as the main material, and the finite element optimization method was used for the design of the outer baffle. According to the dimension of baffle, the inequalities relating to baffle＇s mode and camera parameters were given in this work, the thicknesses of the outer baffle and diaphragm could be determined. The optimization results show a reduction of weight from 7.2 kg to 4.4 kg, which is lighter 38.9 % than that of original one. Moreover, the modes of the outer baffle change a little, while the impulsion in the launch progress is reduced. Finally, the static and dynamic analysis was afforded by finite element method, and the results satisfy the requirement of design in production.