工件直径千分表测量仪的研制与误差统计分析

The development and error statistic analysis of the workpiece diameter dial indicator measuring instrument

根据机械制造专业的实验教学经验和到工厂生产实习实地考察的结果,针对滚动轴承生产的过程以及测量零件直径的实例进行研究和分析,研制了用于单轴六角自动车床和高精度通磨无心磨床做"加工误差统计分析实验"和轴承滚柱测量使用的千分表测径仪。对几批车削工件和磨削工件进行现场测量,并进行加工误差统计分析,实验效果良好。实验结果证明仪器测量方法简便,数值直观而准确,可利用学校实验车间和工厂的设备实现自制加工调试和应用,与传统的卡尺及千分尺测量相比具有测量时间短、精度高的优点。研制的千分尺测径仪精度可达到千分之一,可以作为大专院校实验教学和生产实际测量的理想仪器。

Based on experiment teaching experiences of mechanical manufacture specialty and the results of mill practice field survey in factory, a kind of measuring diameter instrument is developed which is used in error statistics and analysis in auto lathe of single axle and high precision grinding machine and roller bearing measurement. And this instrument is according to the research and analysis on the process of roller bearing producing and concrete example of measuring spares diameter. This instrument is carried out in-situ measuring on several metal-turning work pieces and grinding work pieces. The statistics analysis of producing error show a good experiment result. Experiment results show that the instrument has simple measuring method and direct and accurate numerical value. Based on this instrument self-made producing test and application can be realized by using the equipments of school experiment workshop and factory. And it has characteristics such as short measuring time and high accuracy compared with custom caliper rule and micrometer measurement. The instrument in this paper can achieve the precision of 1/1000 and it can be ideal instrument for university experiment teaching and producing actual measuring.