局部注射地塞米松和口服美菲康对下颌复杂阻生牙拔除术后并发症的预防

Precaution of complication after wisdom tooth extraction by dexamethasone partially injected and morphine taken orally

目的探讨有效预防下颌复杂阻生牙拔除术后并发症的方法。方法将在湖南省永顺县中医院口腔科拔除下颌复杂阻生牙的200例患者随机分为实验组和对照组,每组100例。实验组患者在拔牙前半小时口服美菲康1片,同时在所拔牙的周围软组织局部注射地塞米松,拔牙后3d每晚口服美菲康1片。对照组患者按常规拔牙,不作特殊处理。两组患者均在拔牙术后24、48、72h按肿胀、疼痛及张口受限的程度来判断疗效。结果术后24、48、72h实验组患者的并发症明显少于对照组,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论拔牙前在患者所拔牙的周围软组织局部注射地塞米松和口服美菲康能有效减轻阻生牙拔除术后的并发症。

Objective To discuss effective precaution of complication after wisdom tooth extraction： Methods 200 patients were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, 100 patients in each. Patients in experimental group took 1 tablet of morphine half an hour before the extraction and received partially injection of dexamethasone on soft tissue and they had one tablet of morphine every night three days later. Patients in control group received the extraction without special therapy. The effectiveness was determined by the extent of tumidity, irritation and the limitation of opening mouth at 24, 48 and 72 hours after the extraction. Results The complications of the patients in experimental group were less than that of the patients in control group. Conclusion It is effective to reduce the complication of tooth extraction by morphine taken orally and received partially injection of dexamethasone on soft tissue before the extraction.