词类特征与词汇的体系建构——日语“形容动词”词类问题研究

Defining Features of Word Classes and the Construction of Word Class Systems:Classifying "Adjectival Verbs" in the Japanese Language

日语"形容动词"的名称在语言学界一直是个有争议的问题。争论的焦点集中在两点上:第一、形容动词能否认定为一个词;第二、形容动词的"动词"特征到底在哪里。词类区分是根据词的基本性质确立的体系。一个体系必须具有自身的鲜明特征与其他体系相区别。词类名称反映的是语法概念,不只是一个符号。用言和体言是日语词汇中最具特色的、两大主要词汇体系。通过对形容动词研究的相关的学术思想的分析和实证研究,提出了词汇体系的界定和建构方面的原则,主张了在这个原则下形容动词回归体言体系的可能性。

What is the proper name for ＂adjectival verbs＂ has been controversial among linguists. The focus of the debate has been on （a） whether or not we can see an adjectival verb as a word, and （b） how verbal it is. A word class has its own defining feat.ures which differentiate it from other classes as an independent system. The name of a word class has its grammatical basis and is more than a symbol. TAIGEN and YOUGEN are two major vocabulary systems unique to the Japanese language. Through discussions of relevant literature on adjectival verbs and empirical studies, the current paper proposes principles related to the definition and construction of vocabulary systems. It also raises the possibility of classifying adjectival verbs to the category of YOUGEN.