SO_4^(2-)/M_xO_y型固体超强酸催化剂改性研究进展

Research on modification of SO_4^(2-)/M_xO_y solid superacid catalysts

综述了国内外有关SO24-/MxOy型固体超强酸催化剂在载体、促进剂以及贵金属的引入等方面的改性方法。分析了SO24-/MxOy型固体超强酸催化剂的失活原因,详细介绍了载体中引入纳米材料、稀土元素、其他金属元素(Al,Ga等)、交联剂、分子筛等对催化剂活性和稳定性的影响;综述了用S2O28-,稀土离子,其他离子(Ag+,Ni2+,Al3+,Sn4+等),硫酸盐,WO3,MoO3,NO3-等代替SO42-作促进剂,以及引入贵金属Pt和Pd改性方面的研究进展;最后展望了固体超强酸催化剂的发展前景。

The latest researches of the modification of SO^2-4/MxOy solid superacid catalysts on the cartier, accelerants and the introducing of noble metals were reviewed. The deactivation mechanism of this type of catalysts was analyzed, and the effects of cartier modification, including nano-materials, rare earth elements, other metal elements （Al, Ga, etc. ）, crosslinking agents, molecular sieves, on catalytic activity and stabihty were summarized. Meanwhile the progress in using SO^2-4, rare earth ions, other ions （Ag^＋, Ni2^＋, AP^＋, Sn^4＋, etc. ）, sulfate, WO3, MoO3, NO3^- as accelerants and modification with Pt, Pd were described. Finally the prospects of solid superacid catalysts were predicted.