饥饿后再投喂对异育银鲫生长和体成分的影响

Effect of Starvation-refeeding on Growth and Body Composition of Carassius auratus gibelio

在(25±2)℃条件下,对体重(15.6±0.84)g的异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)进行了不同时间的饥饿处理和再投喂的恢复生长实验。实验把异育银鲫分为4组,为Ⅰ组(持续投喂48 d)、Ⅱ组(饥饿8 d后再投喂40 d)、Ⅲ组(饥饿16 d后再投喂32 d)和Ⅳ组(饥饿24 d后再投喂24 d),每组20尾鱼,研究再投喂后体重和体成分(粗蛋白、粗脂肪、水分和灰分)的变化。结果显示:与持续投喂组相比,饥饿8 d后异育银鲫体重下降了13.28%,饥饿16 d和24 d后体重分别下降了22.36%和33.03%。短期饥饿(Ⅱ)组,再恢复投喂8 d后能实现完全补偿生长,而中长期饥饿组(Ⅲ和Ⅳ)分别在投喂16 d和24 d后表现为部分补偿生长。在饥饿和恢复投喂过程中其体成分呈现规律性变化:各试验组饥饿后,粗蛋白和粗脂肪显著下降,而水分和灰分含量上升,而再投喂后,各营养成分逐渐恢复。Ⅱ组再投喂8 d后,粗脂肪和粗灰份恢复到对照组水平,蛋白质显著低于对照组水平,水分显著高于对照组;再投喂40 d后,粗蛋白和水分亦恢复到对照水平,Ⅲ组恢复投喂16 d后,粗蛋白、粗脂肪和灰分不能恢复到对照水平,恢复投喂32 d后,除灰分外,其余成分皆不能恢复到对照水平。Ⅳ组再投喂24 d后,除水分外,其余各营养成分皆不能恢复到对照水平。结果表明,实现异育银鲫完全补偿生长,其饥饿时间以短时间饥饿8 d为宜。

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of starvation periods and re-feeding on growth response and body composition of gibel carps （ Carassius auratus gibelio）. Fish were fed to satiation three times a day or starved in three feeding schedules as follows： 48 d feeding（Control） , 8 d starvation and followed by 40 d feeding（ Ⅱ） , 16 d starvation and 32 d feeding（ Ⅲ ）, 24 d starvationand 24 d feeding（ Ⅳ ） at （ 25 ± 2 ） ℃. Each tank contained 20 fish with an initial mean weight（SD） of （15.6 ±0. 84 ）g. The weight and body composition（ crude protein, crude lipid, moisture and crude ash）was studied for all the four groups. Compared to the control, the weight descended 13.28% , 22. 36% and 33.03% in, group Ⅱ , Ⅲ and Ⅳ after starvation, respectively. Crude protein and crude lipid of group Ⅱ , Ⅲ and Ⅳ dropped down significantly during starvation process, but the level of them can rose and reached the normal level after refeeding. For group Ⅱ , C. auratus gibelio can completely compensatory grow when refeeding 8 d after starvation, while for group Ⅲ and Ⅳ showed partial compensation. In group Ⅱ , the crude fat and crude ash can recover to the normal level after refeding 8 d, however, crude protein and moisture can recover after refeeding 40 d. In group Ⅲ, all the compositions can not recover after 16 d refeeding, and only ash can recover to the normal level after 32 d refeeding. After 24 d refeeding, all the nutrition compositions can not recover except moisture in group Ⅳ. It indicadted that： 8 d starvation was best to realize the complete compensatory growth.