饥饿对白鲫能量物质消耗的影响

The Effects of Starvation on Energy and Substance Consumption in Carassius auratus cuvieri

以性成熟的雌性白鲫（Carassius auratus cuvieri）作为试验对象，研究其肌肉、卵巢和肠系膜脂肪等组织能量物质消耗的变化过程和分配关系。分别在饥饿1d、2d、4d、8d、16d、24d、32d、40d取样，测定全鱼、肌肉和卵巢的水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和灰分含量。结果显示：全鱼、肌肉的含水量和灰分含量随饥饿时间的延长而升高，而粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量随饥饿时间的延长而减少。在40d的饥饿中消耗了总蛋白质的7．54％，总粗脂肪的50．94％，其中有17．43％的总蛋白质和27．98％总脂肪在肌肉中被消耗掉。鱼体消耗的蛋白质75％～100％来自肌肉，消耗的脂肪仅有不到10％来自肌肉。脂肪作为主要能量物质被消耗，但也伴随一定量的蛋白质被消耗，其消耗速度不均匀。脂肪在8～16d出现一个消耗高峰期，蛋白质在24～32d的消耗量较大。在试验期内其丰满度保持相对稳定，肠系膜脂肪明显减少。饥饿期间卵巢的蛋白质和脂肪含量相对稳定。对照组的水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和灰分含量在试验期内比较稳定。

Mature female Carassivs auratus cuvieri was chosen as experimental model to show metabolic course of the energy substance in the muscle, the ovary and the intestine during starvation period. We picked up samples in the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 8th, 16th, 24th, 32nd, 40th day during starvation period and detected the chemical composition（protein, lipid, moisture and ash）in the whole fish, the muscle and the ovary. Several important result were exhibited in this experiment. The body weight kept relative stability. The fat attached to intestine was almost consumed from the 4th day to the 16th day starvation; 7.54% of the total protein and 50. 94% of the total lipid were consumed during the 40 days starvation period. 17.43% of the total protein and 27.98% of the total lipid in muscle were consumed. The chemical composition of the ovary keep relatively stable and did not change with hungry time. The produce function had not been destroyed by starvation. 75% - 100% of consumed protein and less than 10% of consumed lipid came from muscle. Lipid was a kind of major energy substance to be consumed, and also some protein. Their consumption did not keep the same speed during hungry period. Lipid had a high consumed level in the 8th - the 16th day, while protein was in the 24th - the 32nd day. In this time, the moisture and ash of whole fish increased with hungry time ; while the crude protein and crude lipid of whole fish decreased with hungry time. The consumption of crude lipid was more than that of crude protein in the same fish.