生长激素对牙和颅颌面结构发育的影响

Effects of growth hormone on odontogenesis and craniofacial structure development

生长激素是个体出生后生长发育的重要调节物质,能促进体内肌肉、骨骼和软骨等多种组织内细胞的增生和分化。即生长激素能调节与牙形成相关的上皮-间充质相互作用,调节成釉细胞、成牙本质细胞和成牙骨质细胞分化成熟,影响牙体硬组织结构的形成;参与调节破骨细胞骨吸收过程,影响牙萌出;通过胰岛素样生长因子-1调节髁突软骨细胞的生长分化,影响颞下颌关节的发育;直接或间接影响膜内成骨和软骨成骨,进而调节颌骨的发育,影响面部结构。

Growth hormone （GH） is one of the most important postnatal regulators, which can promote the cell proliferation and differentiation in different tissue such as muscle, skeleton and cartilage. GH affects the odontogenesis and craniofacial structure development via following routes： GH can modulate the epithelial-mesenchymal interaction as well as the differentiation and mature of ameloblasts, dentinoblasts and cementoblasts, which leads formation of tooth hard tissue. GH plays an important role in modulating osteoclasts bone resorption, which influences the tooth eruption. GH regulates the differentiation of chondrocytes in condylar through insulin-like growth factor- 1 （IGF-1）. GH may affect intra-membranous and endoehondral osteogenesis associated with the craniofacial structure development.