论任意询问

On Arbitrary Inquiry

在比较分析中国侦查询问现状与缺陷的基础上,指出中国侦查询问从法律上看其性质为强制询问,但实际上是任意询问,因此提出通过明确区分任意询问与强制询问的不同性质以完善中国侦查询问制度:在侦查阶段由侦查机关对犯罪嫌疑人以外的其他人进行的询问一般以任意询问为主。但强制询问与任意询问相对应存在,相辅相成。在一般情况下,侦查询问以任意询问为主,但为保证询问的顺利进行,必须有相应的强制询问进行补充与配合。自愿陈述是任意询问的主观要件。禁止强制陈述手段是任意询问的客观要件。

On the basis of comparing and analyzing the status quo and defects of China＇s investigative inquiry, this paper points out that China＇s investigative inquiry, though seemingly mandatory inquiry, is in fact arbitrary inquiry. Therefore, it argues that a clear distinction should be made between the two to improve China＇s system of investigative inquiry. To be specific, in investigational stage, when inquiring people other than the criminal suspect, the investigating authorities should mainly adopt arbitrary inquiry, and mandatory inquiry and arbitrary inquiry should be complementary. Generally, arbitrary inquiry is the main form. But to ensure the smoothness of inquiry, some mandatory inquiry should be used as a supplement. Voluntary statement is the subjective element of arbitrary inquiry, while prohibition of forced statement is the objective element of arbitrary inquiry.